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Article > Damaged Hardware: Physical Data Recovery

A storage medium can be affected physically due to various reasons.

A small scratch is more than enough to cause the CD-ROMs to become inactive.  Hard disks can be rendered futile due to several types of mechanical failures that encompass failed motors, head crashes and broken tapes. The physical damage results in data loss and also causes damage to the logical structure of the entire file system.

Computer users cannot mend the physical damage on their own. If the user tried to open a hard disk in a normal environment, dust would settle on the surface, which would lead to further damage to the platters thereby complicating the process of recovery. In general, the users do not have the expertise in technical areas that is required for the recovery purposes.  

The recovery process involves removal of damaged printed circuit-board by replacing a matching board from a healthy drive. All the original damaged parts would be taken over by matching parts from a healthy drive. The hard disk platters would also be removed and installed into a healthy drive. These procedures involve risk and are highly complicated with more technicalities. If a user attempts doing all these things, then he would be denied the warranty from the manufacturer. Also, it should not be tried by an amateur, who does not have sufficient skills and knowledge to recover the data. That is why the data recovery companies are employed to salvage the data.

The recovery process would be challenging if the drive has got affected due to the physical damage. Physical failures can be of two types. They are mechanical failures and electronic failures. In the case of external electrical circuit failure, a replacement circuit-board has to be located. It is not easy to locate the identical board as each hard disk might go through several revisions in its life cycle.

The mechanical failure of the hard disk is more serious than an electronic failure. The latter can occur due to various factors such as the time period of the life of the device, manufacturing defects, electric shock, unexpected water cascade or excessive heat. The modern disks are very delicate and do not have tolerance to even a minute electronic failure.

Physical data recovery also includes dealing with various problems such as twisted or folded tape, dwindling magnetic coatings, broken cartridge, damaged reels and broken tape. Data from the media, which is affected due to water spills, mud or other rubbles, needs to be captured.   

In the process of physical Data Recovery, it is important to get the identical parts to replace the damaged parts. If the electronic circuit-board has any problem, then, we have to fit in the exact circuit-board to retrieve the necessary circuit components. However, nowadays, it is difficult to exchange identical circuit-board for newer boards. These repairs can be done only by a person with extraordinary technical skills and knowledge in electronics.

One can identify the physical damage through various indications. For instance, if the hard drive denied access to the software such as the Windows Disk Management, system BIOS and other disk utilities, then one can arrive at a conclusion that it is purely dead. A dead drive would not spin, but make clicking sound or other unusual noises; these are the symptoms to understand that the drive is in need of physical data recovery. Those drives might have damaged read heads, motor or damage to the magnetic media.

Sometimes, the electronic heads that read the data would crash into the spinning platter surface. This will scrape the media away. A small head crash is highly enough to damage more files. In such kinds of failures, only a little of the valuable data can be retrieved. It is the worst kind of hardware failure, and the quality of the recovery process would be lower.

Only a data recovery company with clean room facility, that too ‘Class 100 Clean Room’, can rectify the entire problem and can recover the physical data. Those Class 100 clean rooms would have cent percent air purity that could facilitate in protecting sensitive internal components while rectifying the problem. Even a smallest tinge of dust is highly enough to cause a disaster in the hard drive. So, it is always advisable to perform anything on hard drive inside the clean room.  

A hard drive with a physical problem must be repaired mechanically. The ambience, technology and tools for repairing are well established and the same methodology would be adopted by all recovery companies.

Article: Damaged Hardware: Physical Data Recovery

Created on: 2007-05-09 14:56:17

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